This week, British Prime Minister David Cameron announced proposals generalized blocking certain pages of the world-wide-web.
block would be an "always-on" system, with users having to opt-out if they wish to access adult material on the web.
plans have been met with solid play from all sides. Apart from some sites like The Pirate Bay, the public have no experience of not being allowed to access anything on the Internet, and the idea of a default opt-out block does not resonate with the public.
However, a country with a blocking webpage widespread experience is China. An estimated 0 million Internet users in China are subject to the blocking page and surveillance by the Communist Party -. Informally known as "The Great Wall of China" or "GFW"
The history of the Great Wall of China
Chinese public were first granted access to the Internet in July 1995 -. but in August 1996, some pages have been blocked by the GFW
After unrest in Tibet in 08, YouTube has been blocked -. soon followed by the permanent blocking of Facebook and Twitter in July 09, after the riots in Xinjiang
The estimated 3000 "Internet police" help run the GFW and the monitoring program (all this be known officially such as the "golden Shield").
this program blocks some sites deemed "harmful" to the regime and scans all Internet traffic, including personal communications, for anything considered a "threat". As part of this program, many websites (including Facebook and Twitter) will not load, and are blocked.
Can things change?
Interestingly, the Chinese territory of Hong Kong has no Internet blocking in place -. a stark contrast from mainland China
So, does that mean no one in China has access to Facebook or blocked websites? Not quite.
The first round of the GFW is using a virtual private network (VPN).
Usually used for employees of a company wishing to connect to the intranet of the house of the company, a VPN can also be used to try to get around the blocks.
traffic (instead of going directly to the web) is first sent to another computer / server (usually in a different country) and on the wider Internet. the return traffic is routed through the VPN. A secure "tunnel" is created, meaning communication can not be spied on by foreigners. By using a VPN, users can access generally blocked by the Chinese government pages.
Hotspot Shield is a VPN, and one of the most impressive ways it helps people is in situations like this, where they have a real good reason for needing privacy and protection but are usually stopped being so.
The second way to get around the GFW is using a network called Tor.
Tor was originally designed by the US Naval Research Library, but increased in an "anonymity network internationally, or the savior of the people repressed citizens bloggers in some countries, and all other types
what is Tor's like a VPN -. outside connections go through many different nodes before exiting an "exit node". This makes it incredibly difficult to intercept or trace the traffic, and is also less obvious than using a VPN.
Both methods are a good way to try to access certain parts of the Internet in China The Great Firewall blocked, either for fun and socializing, or something more serious as citizen journalism and blogging. However, in 2012, a Chinese ISP began blocking access to virtual private networks -. An interesting development in the history
However, for many people, these two methods above still work to access blocked sites. Fortunately for Internet freedom, the story is not over yet.
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